MPs participated in an average of 45 debates
The 17th Lok Sabha, which ran from June 2019 to February 2024, marked an important period in India’s parliamentary democracy. Despite holding the lowest number of sittings as compared to its predecessors with a total of 274 sittings, the Lok Sabha demonstrated remarkable dynamism in terms of members’ participation, question sessions and legislative activities. Key demographics show that the 17th Lok Sabha was relatively young and inclusive, with 50 per cent of its members under the age of 60 and 15 per cent of the parliamentary body being women. This comprehensive review highlights various aspects of MPs’ performance, providing insights into their attendance, question-taking vigour, participation in debates and legislative initiatives.
Attendance and participation: A closer look at the numbers
A notable aspect of the 17th Lok Sabha was the consistent attendance of its members. MPs maintained an average attendance rate of 79 per cent, demonstrating their commitment despite challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Interestingly, the attendance distribution remained similar to previous Lok Sabhas, with 60 per cent of MPs attending more than 80 per cent of the sessions. Gender comparisons in attendance also revealed little difference, with male MPs at 79 per cent and female MPs at 77 per cent. Additionally, the 2023 and 2019 sessions recorded the highest attendance, underscoring the dedication of MPs during critical times.
Asking questions as a parliamentary tool: regional and age-wise insights
The 17th Lok Sabha saw active participation of MPs from different regions and age groups in using questions to elicit accountability and information. Maharashtra MPs led the way with an impressive 370 questions per member, reflecting a keen quest for clarity of governance. Young MPs, especially those under 60, demonstrated their curiosity by asking more questions than their senior counterparts, indicating a generational shift in parliamentary dynamics. Political parties also showed varying levels of engagement, with NCP members being the most active, followed by AIMIM and Revolutionary Socialist Party members.
Participation in debate: reflecting diversity and expertise
Debates in the Lok Sabha provide a platform for MPs to discuss, deliberate and influence policy and public opinion. During the 17th Lok Sabha, MPs participated in an average of 45 debates, with a notable difference between male and female participation rates. Geographic analysis revealed that MPs from Kerala and Rajasthan were particularly active, reflecting regional preferences and viewpoints. Educational attainment also played a role in debate, with more educated MPs participating more actively, underscoring the influence of academic background on parliamentary discussion.
Legislative Initiative: Role of Private Member’s Bills
Private Members’ Bills (PMBs) are an important aspect of legislative activity, enabling MPs to propose new laws and amendments. 729 PMBs were introduced in the 17th Lok Sabha, an average of 1.5 per MP. This represents an important opportunity for legislative creativity and initiative, although 73 percent of MPs did not introduce any PMB. Gender comparisons at the PMB introduction further emphasized differential engagement, with male MPs being slightly more active than their female counterparts.
