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Chinese scientist has developed a new battery system That could enable lithium cells to operate safely for thousands of hours, an advance that could lead to better results batteries For electric vehicles and power grids.
lithium metal battery Due to their high energy storage capacity they have become the cornerstone of future power systems.
However, the existing liquid electrolytes in these cells pose several risks, including leakage and combustion, and the growth of lithium metal inside the battery into needle-like or branch-like structures during charging, which compromises the ability of the lithium metal to form needle-like structures. Battery protection and performance,
Emerging studies suggest that new types of electrolytes called deep eutectic gel electrolytes (DEGEs) may help overcome these issues due to their high charge handling capacity and inherent thermal stability.
In the latest study, published Journal of the American Chemical SocietyThe researchers built on these principles to develop an electrolyte based on the chemicals fluorinated amides.
Scientists found that electrolytes made from the chemical 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-methylacetamide enabled a compact battery system that also shows promise in suppressing the formation of needle-like lithium branches.
“We have developed a series of DEGEs using fluorinated amides, which take advantage of the electron-withdrawing effects of fluorine,” the researchers wrote.
Scientists found that cells using this electrolyte system cycled stably for more than 9,000 hours, with some designs maintaining more than 80 percent of their power capacity even after 2,500 charging cycles.
“The improved properties enable the corresponding lithium symmetric battery to achieve stable cycling for more than 9000h,” they wrote.
Tests showed that even under elevated temperatures of about 80C, one version of the new electrolyte system maintained stability for up to 300 cycles.
Overall, the findings suggest that fluorination and an electrolyte gel confinement system within lithium cells could help overcome the long-term limitations of these batteries.
“Our study demonstrates how precise molecular design can simultaneously tackle multiple challenges in lithium metal battery development,” said study author Tianfei Liu, of Nankai University in China.
“By incorporating fluoride-containing groups into DEGE, we not only achieved enhanced interfacial stability, but also significantly improved cycling durability and thermal safety,” said Dr. Liu.
The results also present a promising way to scale up lithium batteries for real-world applications such as electric vehicles and grid-scale storage.
“This strategy combines fundamental chemistry with real-world performance requirements, offering a blueprint for the next generation of high-performance electrolyte designs,” said Kai Zhang, another author of the study.