Many of us as children can think what is going on inside one Animal – What are they thinking and feeling? Most animal researchers Study Science due to their attraction with science AnimalBut for a long time, scientific norms made it impossible to raise the question of animal consciousness without losing scientific credibility.
Fortunately, those days are over, thanks for the leading work in large parts Scientist Such as Donald Griffin, who argued for his death from the 1980s in 2003 that animal brain should be a subject for scientific studies.
We are philosophers who study consciousness, and in our recent research we worked with other scientists, to find out what the world could have from the perspective of Corvids, the family of birds that include ravens, crows, jais and magpies.
“Birdbren” used to be a common insult, but Korvids is surprised intelligence That they are sometimes described by scientists and journalists as “winged monkeys”. But we wanted to go beyond intelligence. To do this, we combined their behavior, sensation, and examined five dimensions of their experience, BrainEmotions and consciousness.
Corvids have an incredibly sharp resolution in the eyes that allow them to fly at high speed and navigate to find possible sources of food. Their hearing is excellent, perhaps uncertain for lyricists, allowing them to be reliable from the members of the incredible group by assessing and recalling their alert calls.
They also have a good sense of smell, which they use to help them find nuts and other foods they have hidden. Unfortunately, we do not know how their smell compared a lot of other animals, because there are not enough studies on the feeling of smell yet.
Emotional life
Corvids show cognitive prejudice as humans. They have negative moods and show signs of pessimism after seeing similar states in others.
But they show positive mood even after using equipment – like humans. And they can also show warning of new objects – war.
Even if you come with behavior to give them, Korvids are reluctant to fly close to someone they have not met before, but they are convinced with humans what they know well – another common human feature.
It is common for people to characterize emotional life only for mammals, but corvids explain that we should study the feelings of birds in more detail.
Integrated experience
We humans have a stream of consciousness. But birds have a deficiency of a corpus colosum, the structure that connects two brain hemispheres in the US and other mammals.
Many partitions of labor are shown in parts of their brain, such as using their separate eyes to focus on different functions. However, this does not mean that their experience is divided into two itself – it can give a different suggestion to our own partial unity.
Perhaps their consciousness divided-brain is more like human patients, who have cut their corpus colosum to reduce the effects of seizures. When two pictures are presented in their respective left and right visual areas, these people will attract what they see with their left hand, while they will verbally describe what is on the right, what is on the right, one in one body provides two presence in one body.
Consciousness with time
Corvids show remarkable abilities in their own spirit over time. Because they often hide food (scientists call this caching), they can remember that not only they hide the food, but also what kind of food it was and how long they hid it-which is relevant to pests such as more bad foods, compared to long-lasting nuts.
Here their memory takes out our own or that case, most of the other animals, when it comes to hiding objects, some recall more than a thousand foods in a month with some corvid caching and later for consumption. No human will be able to remember that there are many hidden places.
Corvids can plan, collect and store a spoon such as a teaspoon for future use.
A rich sense of self
They not only recognize themselves in mirrors, but also understand other brains. Research has shown that corvids go back to remove cashed food and hide it elsewhere if they know they have been seen – but only if they have been stolen from others in the past.
Men will see a woman’s feeding behavior, which they want to do in court, so they can bring their favorite food. Even more solitary corevids, such as revenue, get well -developed social skills, which scientists thought that they were largely limited to mammals.
In all this, there is still a great deal of uncertainty. Learning about the brain of other animals requires much more guessing from rare and often unclear data. But we believe that there are scientific evidence for conscious conscious experiences in Korvids. For most species, it is a lack of research, there is no lack of capacity, which keeps us silent on what their subjective experiences are.
This research also has implications for Korvid welfare. Understanding what the world is for an animal means to understand what good and bad for them. Their good memories may mean that they suffer longer than a negative experience, Navophobia would mean that novel objects should be introduced gradually, their social abilities means that they should be placed in groups. Giving them equipment can allow them to enrich experience.
All this should be kept in mind when it is decided how to take care of these birds when kept in the cavity, and how to reduce the welfare risks in other interactions with them.
Walter is a lecturer in Vet Darshan Department University of readingHeath Browning is a lecturer in philosophy University of southempton,
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